Safety First:
* Disconnect the negative battery terminal before starting any work on the power steering system.
* Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from fluid splashes.
* Use jack stands to securely support the vehicle. Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.
* Power steering fluid is harmful to the environment. Properly dispose of used fluid according to local regulations.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and jack stands
* Wrench set (metric)
* Socket set (metric)
* Ratchet and extensions
* Torque wrench
* Drain pan
* New power steering pump
* New power steering fluid
* Shop rags or paper towels
* Possibly a pry bar or a steering wheel holder (to relieve pressure on the steering shaft)
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for precise details):
1. Prepare the Vehicle: Raise the vehicle and secure it on jack stands.
2. Drain Power Steering Fluid: Locate the power steering fluid reservoir. Remove the cap and carefully drain the fluid into a drain pan.
3. Access the Power Steering Pump: This will vary slightly depending on the engine (2.2L or 2.4L). You'll likely need to remove some components for better access, possibly including:
* Serpentine Belt: Remove the serpentine belt using the appropriate tools. A belt tensioner tool is usually necessary.
* Associated Components: You may need to disconnect or loosen other components near the pump, such as the alternator, AC compressor, or other pulleys. Take photos as you go to aid in reassembly.
4. Disconnect the Power Steering Pump:
* Lines: Carefully disconnect the high-pressure and low-pressure lines from the pump. You may need flare nut wrenches to avoid damaging the lines. Have rags ready to absorb any spilled fluid.
* Bolts: Remove the bolts securing the power steering pump to the engine block.
5. Remove the Pump: Carefully remove the old pump. It may be stubborn, possibly requiring some gentle persuasion (but avoid damaging anything).
6. Install the New Pump: Install the new power steering pump, ensuring it's correctly seated. Tighten the bolts to the manufacturer's specified torque.
7. Reconnect Everything: Reconnect the high-pressure and low-pressure lines, serpentine belt, and any other components you removed.
8. Refill the Power Steering Fluid: Carefully add the correct type and amount of power steering fluid to the reservoir, checking the fluid level frequently.
9. Bleed the System (If Necessary): Some power steering systems require bleeding after a pump replacement. Your repair manual will specify if this is necessary for your model.
10. Start the Engine: Start the engine and carefully check for leaks. Turn the steering wheel fully left and right several times. Check the fluid level again and top off if necessary.
11. Test Drive: Take the vehicle for a test drive to ensure the power steering is functioning correctly.
Important Considerations:
* Torque Specifications: Use a torque wrench to tighten all bolts and nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque. Over-tightening can cause damage.
* Fluid Type: Use the correct type of power steering fluid recommended by the manufacturer for your vehicle.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1998 Chevrolet Cavalier is crucial for accurate and safe completion of this job. It will provide detailed diagrams, torque specifications, and step-by-step instructions.
This process is complex, and mistakes can be costly. If you are not comfortable performing this repair yourself, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. They have the experience and tools to perform the repair safely and efficiently.
