* Damage to the compressor: Overcharging can cause catastrophic failure of the compressor, a very expensive part to replace.
* Leaks: If you don't identify and fix existing leaks, adding refrigerant is simply a temporary fix. The refrigerant will leak out again, and you'll have wasted your money.
* Environmental damage: Refrigerant is harmful to the environment. Improper handling can result in its release into the atmosphere.
* Personal injury: Refrigerant can cause burns or frostbite if handled incorrectly.
Instead of attempting to recharge it yourself, consider these options:
1. Professional AC service: Take your Riviera to a qualified automotive air conditioning specialist or a reputable mechanic. They have the proper equipment, knowledge, and refrigerant to diagnose the problem and properly recharge the system. They'll also check for leaks. This is the best and safest approach.
2. Leak detection and repair: Before recharging, a leak must be found and repaired. A professional will use specialized equipment to identify the leak location. Simply adding refrigerant without fixing the leak is pointless.
3. Understanding the process (for informational purposes only): If you're interested in learning more for future reference (but *not* to attempt this yourself), the process generally involves:
* Identifying the refrigerant type: Your 1990 Buick Riviera likely uses R-12 (now banned in most places due to ozone depletion) or possibly R-134a (a more environmentally friendly replacement). Determining the correct refrigerant is crucial.
* Evacuating the system: A vacuum pump is used to remove any remaining air and moisture from the system. Moisture is extremely damaging to AC components.
* Adding refrigerant: The refrigerant is added in the correct amount, which is determined by the system's capacity and the technician's gauges.
* Adding oil (if necessary): Compressor oil is essential for the compressor's operation, and may need to be added or topped off.
* Checking for leaks: A leak detection test is performed to ensure the system is sealed properly.
In short: Don't attempt to recharge your car's AC yourself unless you have extensive experience and the correct tools and safety equipment. The potential risks and costs of a mistake far outweigh the perceived savings of doing it yourself. Take it to a professional.
