Here's a general outline of the process:
1. Preparation:
* Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery terminal. Wear safety glasses and gloves. Work in a well-ventilated area.
* Gather Tools and Parts: You'll need specialized tools like camshaft installation tools, timing chain tools (if applicable), torque wrench, socket set, wrenches, pry bars, and possibly a valve spring compressor. Obtain the correct replacement camshaft and any necessary gaskets, seals, and lifters. A repair manual will provide a complete list.
* Raise and Secure the Vehicle: Safely lift the Impala and securely support it on jack stands.
2. Accessing the Camshaft:
* Remove Related Components: This will vary greatly depending on your engine. You'll likely need to remove:
* Air intake system: Air filter, intake tube, etc.
* Valve covers: To access the valve train.
* Timing chain cover (or belt cover): This exposes the timing chain or belt.
* Possibly other components: Depending on the engine design, you may need to remove additional parts to access the camshaft. The repair manual is crucial here.
* Disconnect Components: Disconnect any sensors, wiring harnesses, or other components connected to the camshaft or its surroundings. Take pictures or make notes to aid reassembly.
3. Removing the Old Camshaft:
* Timing Chain/Belt: If your engine uses a timing chain, you'll need to properly align the timing marks before removing it. This is critical to prevent engine damage. A timing chain tool will help hold the chain in place during this process. If it's a timing belt, follow the procedures in your repair manual for its removal.
* Remove the Camshaft: This usually involves removing the camshaft sprocket, then carefully removing the camshaft itself. You might need to use a camshaft removal tool to prevent damage.
4. Installing the New Camshaft:
* Install the Camshaft: Carefully insert the new camshaft, ensuring it's properly aligned and seated.
* Install the Camshaft Sprocket: Tighten the sprocket according to the torque specifications in your repair manual.
* Reinstall Timing Chain/Belt: Reinstall the timing chain or belt, ensuring it's properly aligned with the timing marks. This is crucial to prevent engine damage. Use the appropriate tools and tensioning devices to achieve correct tension.
5. Reassembly:
* Reassemble all components: Carefully reinstall all removed components, including valve covers, timing chain cover, intake system, etc. Pay close attention to the order of assembly and any specific instructions in your repair manual.
* Double-Check Everything: Verify that all components are properly installed and tightened to the correct torque specifications.
* Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle from the jack stands.
6. Testing and Final Checks:
* Reconnect Battery: Reconnect the negative battery terminal.
* Start the Engine: Start the engine and listen for any unusual noises. Check for leaks.
* Verify Timing: Confirm that the engine is running smoothly and the timing is correct.
Disclaimer: This is a highly simplified overview. The actual process is far more complex and requires extensive mechanical knowledge and specialized tools. You should only attempt this repair if you have significant experience working on engines. Improperly performing this repair can cause catastrophic engine damage. Always consult a detailed repair manual specific to your vehicle's engine for precise instructions and torque specifications. If you are unsure about any aspect of this procedure, it's best to take your Impala to a qualified mechanic.
