Once you find the number, you can look it up in a Pontiac engine casting number database or a Pontiac parts catalog specific to 1965. These resources will definitively tell you the engine displacement.
Other less reliable methods include:
* VIN: The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) *might* offer a clue, but it's not always definitive regarding engine size. It's best to verify with the casting number.
* Documentation: If you have original paperwork for the car (owner's manual, build sheet, etc.), that would clearly state the engine size. This is ideal if you have it.
* Visual Inspection (Less Reliable): While the 421 is generally slightly larger in physical dimensions, visually distinguishing between the two without detailed knowledge can be unreliable.
In short: Finding the engine casting number is the most accurate and reliable way to determine if your 1965 Pontiac Bonneville has a 389 or 421 cubic inch engine.