Here's a breakdown of the flow:
1. Energy Difference (Voltage): A voltage difference exists between two points in a circuit. This means one point has a higher concentration of electrons (negative potential) and the other has a lower concentration (positive potential). This difference creates an electric field.
2. Electric Field: The electric field exerts a force on charged particles (electrons in most circuits). Electrons are negatively charged, so they are pushed from the area of higher electron concentration (negative potential) towards the area of lower electron concentration (positive potential).
3. Charge Flow (Current): This force causes the electrons to move, creating an electric current. The current is the flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (amps). The direction of current is conventionally defined as the direction positive charge would flow (opposite to the actual electron flow).
4. Energy Transfer: As the electrons move through the circuit, they transfer energy. This energy can be used to do work, such as powering a light bulb, running a motor, or charging a battery.
In summary, the energy difference (voltage) creates an electric field, which exerts a force on charged particles, causing them to flow (current). This flow of charge is the fundamental process that enables electricity to do work.
