* Power Steering System: A hard steering wheel almost always indicates a problem with the power steering. This could be due to:
* Low power steering fluid: Check the fluid level in the power steering reservoir. If it's low, you need to add fluid and then look for leaks. Low fluid can damage the pump.
* Faulty power steering pump: A failing pump can't provide sufficient hydraulic pressure.
* Power steering belt: A broken or slipping power steering belt will also lead to hard steering. Visually inspect the belt for cracks or damage.
* Leaks in the power steering lines or hoses: Check all lines and hoses for leaks; even a small leak can cause significant problems.
* Power steering rack and pinion issues: This is a more serious and expensive repair. Worn components can lead to hard steering and sometimes unusual noises.
* Brake System: A hard brake pedal suggests issues within the braking system:
* Low brake fluid: Similar to power steering, check the brake fluid reservoir. Low fluid indicates a leak somewhere in the system—a very serious safety concern that needs immediate attention.
* Air in the brake lines: Air in the brake lines will make the pedal feel spongy or hard, and braking performance will be compromised. Bleeding the brakes is necessary to remove the air.
* Master cylinder failure: This is a critical component. A failing master cylinder can lead to hard or unresponsive brakes.
* Vacuum booster issues: The vacuum booster assists in braking. A malfunctioning booster will result in a hard brake pedal, especially noticeable at higher speeds. You'll usually hear a hissing sound.
What to Do:
1. Safety First: Do not drive the van until the problem is diagnosed and fixed. Hard steering and brakes are dangerous.
2. Check Fluids: Immediately check the levels of power steering fluid and brake fluid. If either is low, you have a leak that needs to be addressed *before* driving again.
3. Visual Inspection: Carefully inspect the power steering belt, hoses, and brake lines for any signs of damage or leaks.
4. Professional Diagnosis: Given the severity of the issue, taking your van to a qualified mechanic is highly recommended. They have the tools and expertise to diagnose the underlying problem correctly and perform the necessary repairs safely. Ignoring this could lead to a serious accident.
Do not attempt complex repairs yourself unless you have significant automotive experience. The brake system is especially critical—improper repairs can be very dangerous.
