The Jeep Liberty's charcoal canister (which is part of the evaporative emission control system and often mistakenly called a "gas filter") is located
underneath the vehicle, usually near the rear passenger side. The exact location can vary slightly depending on the year and model of your Liberty. You'll likely find it near the fuel tank.
It's important to note that the charcoal canister doesn't actually filter the gasoline itself; it filters gasoline vapors to prevent them from escaping into the atmosphere. A true gasoline filter is a separate component located within the fuel system itself (usually near the fuel pump) and is not typically as easily accessible.