* Thermostatically Controlled: The primary way the fans activate is through a temperature sensor (often part of the thermostat housing or a separate sensor). When the coolant temperature reaches a pre-determined threshold (typically around 212-220°F or 100-104°C), this sensor signals a relay to power the fan(s).
* A/C Operation: The fans often also engage when the air conditioning system is turned on. This is because the A/C condenser is located in front of the radiator, and the fans help to dissipate the heat generated by the A/C system, ensuring efficient cooling.
* Low Coolant Level (some systems): Some vehicles, though less common on older models like the '95 Monte Carlo, might have a low coolant level sensor that can also trigger the fans as a safety precaution.
In short, the fans act as an extra layer of cooling beyond the radiator's passive cooling ability. They are essential for preventing overheating, especially during slow speeds or in stop-and-go traffic where there's less airflow over the radiator. The Z34, being a performance-oriented model, likely had a system that kept the engine running cool even under higher stress.
