1. The Obvious:
* Battery: Is the battery charged? Use a voltmeter to check the voltage. It should read around 12.6 volts when fully charged. Are the battery terminals clean and tight? Corrosion can significantly impede current flow.
* Ignition Switch: Does the key turn smoothly? Is there any clicking sound when you turn the key? A faulty ignition switch can prevent power from reaching the rest of the system.
* Starter Motor: When you turn the key, do you hear anything? A clicking sound might indicate a weak battery, bad starter solenoid, or a faulty starter motor itself. A complete lack of sound could point to a problem with the ignition system or a dead battery.
2. Checking the Ignition System:
* Distributor Cap and Rotor: Inspect the distributor cap and rotor for cracks, corrosion, or wear. These components are crucial for distributing high voltage to the spark plugs.
* Spark Plugs: Are the spark plugs properly gapped and in good condition? Remove a plug, attach it to a spark plug wire, ground the metal part of the plug to the engine block, and crank the engine. You should see a strong, blue spark. If not, the ignition system needs further investigation.
* Ignition Coil: The ignition coil is responsible for stepping up the voltage to create the spark. A faulty coil will prevent sparking.
* Points and Condenser (if applicable): 1958 Chevys likely used points and a condenser in the distributor. These components can wear out and need replacing. They require adjustment to function properly.
3. Fuel System:
* Fuel Level: Is there fuel in the tank? Check the fuel gauge and even consider opening the fuel tank cap to check for fuel presence visually.
* Fuel Pump: Does the fuel pump work? If it's mechanical, you may be able to hear it running when the ignition is turned on. If it's electric, you'll need to test its output (requires a fuel pressure gauge).
* Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can restrict fuel flow.
4. Other Possibilities:
* Wiring: Check for loose, corroded, or broken wires throughout the ignition and fuel systems.
* Solenoid: The starter solenoid is an electromagnetic switch that engages the starter motor. A bad solenoid will usually click when the key is turned.
* Carburetor: If the car has a carburetor, it may need cleaning or adjustment. A clogged carburetor will prevent fuel from reaching the engine.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Start with the simple checks: Battery, terminals, ignition switch.
2. Listen carefully: What sounds are you hearing (or not hearing)?
3. Visual Inspection: Look for obvious problems like loose wires, corrosion, or damaged components.
4. Systematic Testing: Check each component of the ignition and fuel systems systematically using a voltmeter, test light, or other appropriate tools.
Important Note: Working on a classic car's electrical system can be dangerous. If you're not comfortable working with electricity, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic specializing in classic cars. They will have the experience and tools to diagnose the problem accurately and safely.
