1. Air pollution:
Vehicle exhaust contains various pollutants, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and hydrocarbons. When these pollutants are released into the air, they can contribute to smog and air pollution, which can cause various respiratory problems, such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Long-term exposure to air pollution can also increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and strokes.
2. Carbon monoxide poisoning:
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas released by vehicles with internal combustion engines. When inhaled, carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood, reducing the blood's ability to carry oxygen to the body's organs and tissues. This can lead to carbon monoxide poisoning, which can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and even death in severe cases.
3. Nitrogen dioxide exposure:
Nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas produced by vehicles, especially diesel engines. When inhaled, nitrogen dioxide can irritate the respiratory tract, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide can also contribute to the development of asthma and other respiratory problems.
4. Particulate matter exposure:
Particulate matter refers to small particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air. Vehicle engines emit particulate matter, including soot, dust, and metals. These particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems, such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung damage.
5. Lead exposure:
In the past, gasoline contained lead, which was released into the air through vehicle emissions. Lead is a toxic metal that can cause various health problems, including brain damage, learning disabilities, and behavioral issues in children. Although leaded gasoline has been phased out in most countries, lead exposure from vehicle emissions can still occur in areas where older vehicles are still in use.
These are just some of the ways vehicle emissions can harm people. To protect public health, governments around the world have implemented regulations to control vehicle emissions and improve air quality.
