* Open or shorted heater circuit: The heater circuit is the electrical pathway that provides power to the oxygen sensor heater. If the circuit is open, the heater will not receive power and will not be able to heat up the oxygen sensor. If the circuit is shorted, the heater will receive too much power and will burn out.
* Damaged wiring: The wiring that connects the oxygen sensor heater to the ECU can be damaged by heat, vibration, or corrosion. If the wiring is damaged, the heater will not receive power and will not be able to heat up the oxygen sensor.
* Faulty ECU: The ECU is the computer that controls the engine. If the ECU is faulty, it may not be able to send the correct signals to the oxygen sensor heater.