There are several key high authority sensors in an emission system, including:
1. Oxygen Sensor: The oxygen sensor, also known as the O2 sensor, plays a crucial role in the emission control system. It measures the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases and provides feedback to the engine control unit (ECU) to adjust the air-fuel mixture accordingly. Maintaining the proper air-fuel ratio is essential for reducing emissions and optimizing fuel efficiency.
2. NOx Sensor: The NOx sensor measures the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gases. NOx emissions are harmful to the environment and can contribute to smog and acid rain. The NOx sensor provides feedback to the ECU, which can then adjust various parameters, such as fuel injection timing and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), to reduce NOx emissions.
3. Mass Airflow Sensor: The mass airflow sensor (MAF sensor) measures the amount of air flowing into the engine. This information is critical for the ECU to calculate the correct amount of fuel to inject into the engine, ensuring proper combustion and minimizing emissions.
4. Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor: The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor measures the absolute pressure in the intake manifold. This information is used by the ECU to determine the engine load and make adjustments to the fuel injection and ignition timing. The MAP sensor is crucial for optimizing engine performance and reducing emissions.
5. Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor: The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) sensor measures the temperature of the exhaust gases. This information is used by the ECU to monitor the efficiency of the catalytic converter and to adjust engine parameters to reduce emissions.
These high authority sensors are typically equipped with built-in diagnostics to ensure their proper operation. If any of these sensors fail or malfunction, the emission system may not be able to function effectively, resulting in increased emissions and reduced fuel efficiency.
