1. Intake & Exhaust System:
* Intake Manifold: Directs air into the cylinders.
* Intake Valve: Controls the flow of air into the cylinder.
* Exhaust Manifold: Collects exhaust gases from the cylinders.
* Exhaust Valve: Controls the flow of exhaust gases out of the cylinder.
* Air Filter: Cleans incoming air to protect the engine.
* Throttle Body: Regulates the amount of air entering the engine.
2. Combustion Chamber:
* Cylinder: The space where combustion takes place.
* Piston: A reciprocating component that compresses the air-fuel mixture and drives the crankshaft.
* Connecting Rod: Connects the piston to the crankshaft.
* Crankshaft: Converts the linear motion of the piston into rotational motion.
* Spark Plug (Gasoline Engine): Ignites the air-fuel mixture.
* Glow Plug (Diesel Engine): Heats the combustion chamber to aid in starting.
3. Fuel System:
* Fuel Tank: Stores the fuel.
* Fuel Pump: Delivers fuel from the tank to the engine.
* Fuel Injectors (Gasoline/Diesel): Precisely inject fuel into the combustion chamber.
* Fuel Filter: Removes contaminants from the fuel.
* Fuel Lines: Transport fuel throughout the system.
4. Cooling System:
* Radiator: Dissipates heat from the coolant.
* Water Pump: Circulates coolant through the engine.
* Thermostat: Regulates coolant flow to maintain optimal operating temperature.
* Cooling Fan: Assists in cooling the radiator.
5. Lubrication System:
* Oil Pump: Circulates engine oil.
* Oil Filter: Removes contaminants from the oil.
* Oil Pan: Stores and holds oil.
6. Ignition System (Gasoline Engine):
* Ignition Coil: Produces high voltage to spark the spark plug.
* Distributor (Some engines): Directs the spark to the correct cylinder at the right time.
7. Control & Management System:
* Engine Control Unit (ECU): Manages various engine functions, including fuel injection, ignition timing, and emissions control.
* Sensors: Provide data about engine conditions (e.g., engine speed, coolant temperature, oxygen levels) to the ECU.
Important Notes:
* Diesel Engines: Lack a spark plug and rely on compression ignition.
* Other Components: Various other components, such as the timing belt/chain, alternator, starter motor, and exhaust system, are essential for engine operation.
Let me know if you'd like a deeper dive into any of these components.
