Possible causes are numerous and range from minor issues (loose gas cap) to major problems (failing catalytic converter). You need to have the code read.
To find out the specific problem, you have a few options:
* OBD-II Scanner: Buy a relatively inexpensive OBD-II scanner (available at most auto parts stores). Plug it into the OBD-II port (usually under the dashboard) and it will read the diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). These codes can then be looked up online to understand the likely problem.
* Auto Parts Store: Many auto parts stores will read the codes for free.
* Mechanic: A mechanic will be able to read the codes, diagnose the problem, and provide a repair. This is the most expensive option, but also the most reliable.
Ignoring the check engine light can lead to further damage and potentially expensive repairs down the line. Get it checked as soon as possible.