* Serpentine Belt: This is the most common cause. Cold weather makes the belt harder and less able to grip the pulleys, leading to squealing. The belt may be worn, cracked, glazed, or simply needs to be replaced.
* Power Steering Pump: The power steering pump's pulley can seize slightly when cold. This increases friction and causes squealing as the belt tries to turn it. Low power steering fluid can exacerbate this.
* Alternator: Similar to the power steering pump, a cold alternator bearing can create squealing. The bearings may be worn out or need lubrication.
* Idler Pulley or Tensioner Pulley: These pulleys guide and tension the serpentine belt. If one is worn, damaged, or seized, it can create squealing. Worn bearings in these pulleys are common culprits.
* Water Pump: Less common, but a worn water pump bearing can produce a squeal, especially when cold.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the Serpentine Belt: Visually inspect the belt for cracks, glazing (shiny surface), or fraying. If any are present, replace it. Even if it looks okay, it's a good starting point. A simple belt replacement is often the cheapest and easiest fix.
2. Check Power Steering Fluid: Check the power steering fluid level. If it's low, refill it to the correct level. Low fluid means less lubrication leading to squealing.
3. Listen Carefully: Try to pinpoint the location of the squeal. This can help you narrow down the specific component.
4. Inspect Pulleys: Check all the pulleys for smooth rotation. Any roughness or binding indicates a problem that needs fixing. Pay close attention to the idler and tensioner pulleys.
5. Professional Inspection: If you're not comfortable doing these checks yourself, take your Impala to a mechanic. They can properly diagnose the issue and perform the necessary repairs.
It's crucial to address this squealing promptly. Ignoring it could lead to more serious damage to the belt, pulleys, or accessories. A broken belt can strand you, and damage to an accessory could be costly to repair.
