* Faulty Wheel Speed Sensor (WSS): The ABS system relies on wheel speed sensors to monitor wheel rotation. A malfunctioning sensor (one or more) will prevent the ABS from functioning correctly and will also trigger the Traction Control and SES lights because the system uses wheel speed data for multiple functions. This is a very common cause.
* ABS Module Failure: The ABS module is the "brain" of the ABS system. If it's malfunctioning, it can cause all three warning lights to illuminate and prevent the system from working. This is a more serious and expensive repair.
* Low Brake Fluid: While less likely given the other lights, critically low brake fluid can trigger the ABS light. Check your brake fluid reservoir immediately.
* Wiring Harness Issues: Damaged or corroded wiring in the ABS system's harness can interrupt signals and cause these warning lights. This often involves connections near the wheels.
* Power Supply Problem: A problem with the power supply to the ABS module could also prevent it from functioning and cause the lights to stay on.
Why the light won't turn off: The warning lights won't turn off because the car's computer has detected a fault within the system. Simply turning the car off and on again doesn't reset the fault; the underlying problem needs to be addressed.
What to do:
1. Check Brake Fluid: The first thing to do is check your brake fluid level. Low fluid is a serious issue that requires immediate attention.
2. OBD-II Scan: The most important next step is to get the car's diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) read using an OBD-II scanner. This will give you a specific code indicating the likely source of the problem. Auto parts stores often offer free code reading.
3. Professional Diagnosis: Based on the DTCs from the scanner, you can then decide whether to attempt a DIY repair (like replacing a wheel speed sensor) or take it to a qualified mechanic for a professional diagnosis and repair. This is especially important if the ABS module is suspected. Repairing or replacing the ABS module often requires specialized equipment and knowledge.
Ignoring this issue is dangerous. Your ABS and Traction Control systems are crucial for safe braking and handling, especially in adverse conditions. Get it diagnosed and fixed as soon as possible.