Fuel System:
* Empty Fuel Tank: The most obvious, but often overlooked.
* Fuel Pump Failure: A common problem in older vehicles. The pump may be failing to deliver fuel to the engine.
* Clogged Fuel Filter: A dirty filter restricts fuel flow.
* Fuel Injector Issues: Clogged or malfunctioning injectors prevent proper fuel delivery.
* Fuel Pressure Regulator Problems: This component regulates fuel pressure; a malfunction can lead to erratic running or stalling.
Ignition System:
* Distributor Cap and Rotor Problems: Common wear items in older vehicles. Cracks or corrosion can disrupt the spark.
* Spark Plugs and Wires: Worn, fouled, or damaged spark plugs or wires will prevent proper ignition.
* Ignition Coil Failure: This component provides the high voltage needed for spark.
* Ignition Switch Issues: The switch itself might be failing.
Electrical System:
* Alternator Failure: If the alternator isn't charging the battery, the vehicle will eventually die.
* Battery Issues: A dead or weak battery will prevent the engine from starting.
* Faulty Sensors: Various sensors (crankshaft position sensor, camshaft position sensor, mass airflow sensor, etc.) monitor engine performance. A faulty sensor can cause the engine to shut down.
* Wiring Problems: Damaged or corroded wiring can interrupt electrical signals. This is especially prevalent in older vehicles due to age and environmental factors.
Engine Mechanical Issues:
* Crank Position Sensor Failure: This is crucial for engine timing. If it fails, the engine won't start or run.
* Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) Failure: A bad MAF sensor can cause the engine to run poorly or stall.
* Timing Chain or Belt Issues: A broken or severely stretched timing chain/belt can cause catastrophic engine damage and immediate stalling.
* Overheating: The engine could have overheated, causing it to shut down for safety. Check your coolant level.
Other Possibilities:
* Vacuum Leaks: Leaks in vacuum lines can disrupt engine operation.
* Computer Problems (PCM/ECU): The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) or Engine Control Unit (ECU) might have a malfunction.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the obvious: Fuel level, battery voltage (using a voltmeter).
2. Listen for unusual noises: Clicking, grinding, or other strange sounds can provide clues.
3. Check engine codes: Use an OBD-II scanner (available at most auto parts stores) to retrieve any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). These codes can pinpoint potential problems.
4. Visual inspection: Look for any obvious signs of damage, leaks, or loose connections.
Without more information about the specific symptoms (e.g., did it just sputter and die, did it crank but not start, any warning lights on the dash?), it's impossible to diagnose the exact cause. Taking it to a mechanic or utilizing a diagnostic scanner is highly recommended for accurate diagnosis and repair.
