Obvious Signs:
* No Start: This is the most common and dramatic sign. If you turn the key and nothing happens, the fuel pump is a prime suspect.
* Engine Stalling: If your engine suddenly dies, especially under load (e.g., accelerating uphill), a failing fuel pump could be to blame. It might restart after a short wait.
Subtle Signs (requiring more investigation):
* Weak Acceleration/Hesitation: If your car struggles to accelerate or hesitates, especially when accelerating from a stop, it might not be receiving enough fuel.
* Whining Noise from the Fuel Tank: You might hear a buzzing or whining sound coming from the area of your fuel tank when you turn the ignition key to the "on" position (but before starting the engine). This is the sound of the fuel pump priming the system. If this sound is absent or weak, it suggests a problem. *Note: some fuel pumps are very quiet*.
* Rough Idle: An erratic or rough idle can indicate inconsistent fuel delivery.
* Loss of Power: Similar to weak acceleration, a general loss of power suggests a lack of fuel.
* Smell of Fuel: While not directly indicating a *failed* fuel pump, a strong smell of gasoline could mean a leak in the fuel system, including a failing pump seal.
How to Investigate Further:
While the obvious signs are clear, the subtle ones require further investigation. You can try these things, but be extremely careful when working with fuel systems – gasoline is highly flammable.
* Listen for the prime: Turn the ignition key to the "on" position (but don't start the engine). Listen carefully near the fuel tank for the whirring sound of the fuel pump priming.
* Check Fuel Pressure: This requires a fuel pressure gauge and some mechanical knowledge. It's the most definitive way to diagnose a fuel pump issue. You need to connect the gauge to a test port on the fuel rail. The pressure should be within the specifications listed in your vehicle's repair manual.
* Visual Inspection (advanced): If you have the mechanical expertise and are comfortable working with fuel lines, you could check for leaks around the fuel pump itself. This is generally not recommended for beginners.
Important Note: Don't jump to conclusions. Many other issues can mimic fuel pump failure, including problems with the fuel filter, fuel injectors, ignition system, or even a faulty crankshaft position sensor. If you suspect a fuel pump problem, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Attempting fuel system repairs without the proper knowledge and safety precautions can be dangerous.
