Here's a breakdown of their key features and functions:
* Precise Fuel Delivery: Unlike carburetors which rely on air pressure and vacuum to mix fuel and air, fuel injectors use electronic control to meter the fuel precisely. This results in better fuel efficiency and lower emissions.
* Electronic Control: An Engine Control Unit (ECU) governs the operation of the injectors. The ECU receives signals from various sensors (like the mass airflow sensor, throttle position sensor, etc.) to determine the required fuel quantity and injection timing.
* Types: There are several types of fuel injectors, including:
* Single-point injection: A single injector sprays fuel into the intake manifold. This is a less common system now.
* Multi-point (port) injection: Multiple injectors, one for each cylinder (or for a group of cylinders), spray fuel into the intake manifold before the intake valve.
* Direct injection: Injectors spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber. This offers better atomization, combustion control, and potentially higher efficiency.
* Components: Fuel injectors typically consist of a nozzle, a solenoid valve, a filter, and electrical connectors. The solenoid opens and closes, allowing fuel to be sprayed through the nozzle.
* Operation: When the ECU signals the injector, the solenoid opens, allowing pressurized fuel to be sprayed through the nozzle. The duration of the opening (pulse width) determines the amount of fuel delivered.
In short, fuel injectors are crucial components in modern internal combustion engines, enabling efficient and clean combustion through precise and controlled fuel delivery.
