1. Locating the Alternator:
The alternator on a 1991 Ford Capri is usually located at the front of the engine, driven by a belt from the crankshaft pulley. It's a relatively large component with a pulley on it. Look for:
* A bracket: The alternator will be mounted to a bracket on the engine block.
* Wiring harness: A thick wire harness will connect to the alternator.
* Belt: A serpentine belt (one long belt running multiple engine accessories) or a separate belt will connect the alternator pulley to the crankshaft pulley.
Open the hood and carefully inspect the front of the engine. A flashlight may be helpful.
2. Common Alternator Problems:
* Bad alternator: This is the most likely cause of charging problems. Symptoms include a dim dashboard, battery light on, electrical components malfunctioning, and a failing battery.
* Loose or broken belt: A slipping or broken belt will prevent the alternator from charging the battery.
* Faulty wiring: Damaged or corroded wiring connections can prevent the alternator from working properly.
* Bad Voltage Regulator (internal to the alternator): The voltage regulator controls the alternator's output. A faulty regulator can lead to overcharging or undercharging.
3. Testing the Alternator (before replacement):
Before replacing the alternator, it's crucial to verify that it's the actual problem. A simple test is using a multimeter to measure the voltage at the battery terminals with the engine running. Be cautious when working around the battery and engine.
* Engine off: The voltage should read around 12.6V (fully charged).
* Engine running: The voltage should be between 13.5V and 14.5V. If significantly lower, the alternator may be faulty.
NOTE: This is a simplified test. A more thorough test involves checking the alternator output directly, often requiring disconnecting the alternator and using specialized tools.
4. Replacing the Alternator:
* Disconnect the battery: This is crucial to prevent electrical shocks.
* Remove the serpentine belt (or appropriate belt): Consult your repair manual for the correct procedure. There might be a tensioner pulley that needs to be loosened.
* Remove the alternator mounting bolts: These usually require a socket wrench.
* Disconnect the wiring harness: The wiring harness usually attaches with a couple of nuts or bolts.
* Remove the alternator: Carefully remove the alternator from its bracket.
* Install the new alternator: Reverse the removal procedure.
* Reconnect the wiring harness.
* Reinstall the serpentine belt (or appropriate belt).
* Reconnect the battery.
5. Important Considerations:
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1991 Ford Capri is invaluable. It provides detailed diagrams, torque specifications, and step-by-step instructions.
* Safety: Always disconnect the battery before starting any work on the electrical system. Wear safety glasses.
* Tools: You'll need a socket wrench set, possibly a belt tensioner tool, and possibly a multimeter.
* Parts: Get the correct alternator for your specific Capri engine.
If you're not comfortable working on cars, it's best to take your Capri to a qualified mechanic. Replacing an alternator is a relatively straightforward job for someone experienced, but improper installation can lead to further damage.
