Here's a general procedure. Specific details may vary slightly depending on the exact Ranger model and condition. Consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle year and model for the most accurate instructions and torque specifications.
1. Preparation:
* Safety First: Securely lift the rear of the truck and use jack stands. Chock the front wheels.
* Gather Tools: You'll need:
* Jack and jack stands
* Lug wrench
* Wheel chocks
* Socket wrench with various sockets (including one that fits the lug nuts)
* Hammer (rubber mallet preferred)
* Pry bar (or a large screwdriver)
* Brake drum puller (highly recommended, but sometimes you can get away without one, see step 5)
* Wire brush
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster)
* Gloves
* Cleaning rags
2. Remove the Wheel:
* Loosen the lug nuts slightly before jacking up the vehicle.
* Remove the wheel.
3. Inspect the Drum:
* Look for any obvious damage to the drum.
* Note the orientation of the brake drum to ensure correct reinstallation.
4. Free the Drum:
* Apply penetrating oil to the area where the drum meets the backing plate. Let it soak for a few minutes.
* Emergency Brake: Ensure the parking brake is completely released. This is crucial.
* Rust and Corrosion: Rust and corrosion are common culprits preventing drum removal. The penetrating oil helps, but you may need to gently tap around the circumference of the drum with a rubber mallet to break it free. Work your way around evenly.
5. Remove the Drum:
* With a Puller: This is the safest and easiest method. A brake drum puller attaches to the wheel studs and gently pulls the drum away from the backing plate. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the puller.
* Without a Puller (Less Recommended): If you don't have a puller, you can try using a pry bar. Be extremely careful not to damage the backing plate or brake shoes. Insert the pry bar carefully between the drum and backing plate and gently pry. Work your way around the drum. This method is more prone to damage.
6. Inspect the Brake Shoes and Components:
* Once the drum is off, carefully inspect the brake shoes, wheel cylinders, and other components for wear and tear. Replace any worn or damaged parts.
Reassembly: Follow the steps in reverse order. Ensure the drum slides smoothly onto the axle. Lubricate any sliding surfaces as needed (consult your repair manual for specifics). Torque lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications. After reassembly, test the brakes thoroughly before driving.
Important Considerations:
* Parking Brake: Make absolutely sure the parking brake is fully disengaged before attempting to remove the drum. A partially engaged parking brake will make removal almost impossible and could damage components.
* Seized Drums: If the drum is severely seized, you may need additional tools or professional assistance.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1988 Ford Ranger is invaluable. It will provide detailed diagrams and torque specifications. This information is crucial for proper repair and safety.
This information is for guidance only. Always consult a qualified mechanic if you are unsure about any step of this process. Improper brake repair can be dangerous.
