* Fuel System Problems:
* Fuel pump failure: A failing fuel pump can't deliver enough fuel to the engine, causing it to stall.
* Clogged fuel filter: A dirty fuel filter restricts fuel flow, leading to poor engine performance and stalling.
* Fuel injectors: Clogged or faulty fuel injectors can prevent proper fuel delivery.
* Low fuel level: Seems obvious, but an empty or nearly empty tank can cause the engine to cut out.
* Ignition System Problems:
* Distributor cap and rotor: Worn or damaged components can disrupt spark delivery to the spark plugs.
* Spark plugs and wires: Worn, fouled, or damaged spark plugs or wires can prevent proper ignition.
* Ignition coil: A failing ignition coil won't generate the necessary high voltage for sparking.
* Ignition control module (ICM): This electronic component controls the ignition system and can fail.
* Air Intake System Problems:
* Mass airflow sensor (MAF) issues: A faulty MAF sensor provides inaccurate air/fuel mixture readings to the engine's computer, causing poor running and stalling.
* Dirty air filter: A clogged air filter restricts airflow, leading to poor engine performance.
* Vacuum leaks: Leaks in the intake system disrupt the proper air/fuel mixture.
* Other Potential Issues:
* Crankshaft position sensor (CKP) or camshaft position sensor (CMP): These sensors tell the engine's computer where the crankshaft and camshaft are positioned. A faulty sensor can cause the engine to cut out.
* Alternator: A failing alternator might not charge the battery sufficiently, leading to power loss and stalling.
* Battery: A weak or dead battery can also cause the engine to cut out.
* Throttle position sensor (TPS): A faulty TPS gives inaccurate throttle position information, leading to running issues.
* Computer/ECU Problems: In some cases, a problem with the engine control unit (ECU) or its programming can cause engine stalling.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the obvious: Ensure the car has enough fuel.
2. Listen for unusual sounds: Unusual noises (knocking, whirring, clicking) can provide clues to the problem's location.
3. Check engine light: A lit check engine light often indicates a trouble code that can be read with an OBD-II scanner.
4. Visual inspection: Look for loose wires, damaged components, or leaks.
Because there are so many possibilities, it's best to have a qualified mechanic diagnose the problem. Attempting complex repairs without the proper knowledge and tools could worsen the situation. Provide your mechanic with details about when the engine cuts out (e.g., only at idle, under acceleration, after a certain amount of driving) to help them pinpoint the cause.
