Tools You'll Need:
* Degree Wheel: Essential for accurately setting camshaft timing.
* Dial Indicator: To accurately measure valve lift and ensure proper camshaft phasing.
* Timing Light: To verify crankshaft timing after initial camshaft setup.
* Socket Set and Wrenches: For removing and installing cam gears.
* Camshaft Timing Gear Installation Tool: Prevents damage to the camshaft gear teeth.
* Shop Manual: Absolutely crucial for specific timing specifications for your particular camshafts.
Procedure:
1. Preparation:
* Engine in Timing Marks: Rotate the engine until the crankshaft timing marks align (usually 0 degrees on the balancer). Consult your shop manual for the exact location.
* Remove Valve Covers: This provides access to the rocker arms and valve train.
* Identify Cam Gears: Determine which gear is for the intake and exhaust cam. This is usually marked on the gears themselves, but it's crucial to know.
2. Initial Cam Gear Placement (Approximate):
* This step is *crucial* for the engine to run. Your shop manual is your only guide here. Cam timing specs (intake and exhaust centerline, lobe separation angle) are critical and vary wildly depending on your camshaft. There's no single answer. Use the timing marks on the cam gears themselves as a rough starting point, but the final timing needs precise measurements. Setting them approximately close will allow the engine to crank and you can use the degree wheel to fine tune.
3. Degree Wheel Installation:
* Securely mount the degree wheel to the crankshaft damper. Make sure it's level and properly aligned with the crankshaft. Zero it according to the manual's instructions, typically aligning the zero mark with the timing pointer.
4. Precise Camshaft Timing:
* Rotate the Crankshaft: Carefully rotate the crankshaft using the degree wheel, following your camshaft specifications from the manual.
* Measure Valve Lift: Using the dial indicator, measure the valve lift at each lobe. This will help you determine the precise degree of camshaft advance or retard needed to meet the manufacturer's specifications for intake and exhaust centerline.
* Adjust Cam Gears: Carefully adjust each cam gear individually (usually with a wrench) to fine-tune the timing. Small adjustments make a big difference. After each adjustment, re-check the valve lift using the dial indicator.
* Repeat: Continuously refine the timing until both the intake and exhaust camshafts meet the specified timing specifications from your manual.
5. Check Crankshaft Timing:
* Once the camshafts are timed correctly, use the timing light to verify the crankshaft timing. It should be within the specified range. Any off-timing here could cause major engine issues.
6. Reassembly:
* Install valve covers and any other removed components.
Important Considerations:
* Cam Spec Sheet: The camshaft manufacturer's specifications are essential. You'll need this information to properly time the cams.
* Engine Builder: If you're not comfortable with this level of detail, consider having a professional engine builder set the cam timing. Incorrect timing can lead to serious engine damage.
* Safety: Be cautious when working with engine components. Use appropriate safety gear, such as gloves and eye protection.
This is a complex procedure. Again, a detailed shop manual specific to your engine and camshafts is absolutely essential. If you're not experienced with this type of engine work, it's strongly recommended to seek professional assistance. Improperly setting cam timing can lead to catastrophic engine failure.
