* Short circuit in the clock spring: The clock spring is a spiral conductor that allows the steering wheel to turn while maintaining electrical contact with the airbag and other steering wheel controls. A short circuit within it can generate significant heat and smoke. This is the most probable cause.
* Failing airbag control module (ACM): The ACM is responsible for deploying the airbag. If it malfunctions, it can overheat and potentially smoke. This is a less likely direct source of steering wheel smoke, but the heat could migrate.
* Wiring harness damage: Worn or damaged wiring within the steering column could short out and cause smoke. This could be related to the clock spring or independent.
* Faulty accessory wiring: Though less likely, poorly installed or damaged wiring for accessories (heated steering wheel, if equipped, or aftermarket additions) could cause a fire.
Important Safety Note: Because the airbag system is involved, tampering with the steering wheel or column is extremely dangerous. Do not attempt to diagnose or repair this yourself. Take the vehicle to a qualified mechanic immediately. They have the proper tools and safety precautions to diagnose the problem correctly and repair it safely. Driving with a potential electrical fire hazard is extremely risky.
