Tools and Materials:
* New power steering fluid: Use the type specified in your owner's manual (typically Mercon V or equivalent). Buy enough to completely flush the system.
* New power steering fluid reservoir cap: It's a good idea to replace this since it's cheap and can be damaged during the process.
* Large capacity drain pan: To catch the old fluid.
* Wrench: To remove the power steering fluid reservoir cap and potentially a drain plug (check if your model has one). Size depends on your car's specific configuration; consult your manual.
* Jack and jack stands (highly recommended): For safe access to the bottom of the car.
* Funnel: To add new fluid without making a mess.
* Gloves: To protect your hands from the old fluid.
* Rags or shop towels: For cleaning up spills.
* Clear tubing (optional but helpful): For better visibility during the flushing process.
* Pliers or a clamp (optional): To help with the tubing connection.
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park the car on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the wheels. Use jack stands to safely lift the car if necessary.
2. Locate the Power Steering Fluid Reservoir: This is usually located under the hood. It's a plastic reservoir often marked "Power Steering Fluid."
3. Check Fluid Level: Note the current fluid level.
4. Remove Reservoir Cap: Carefully remove the reservoir cap.
5. Drain Old Fluid (If Applicable): Some models have a drain plug at the bottom of the reservoir. If yours does, carefully remove it, letting the fluid drain into your drain pan. If no drain plug, proceed to the next step.
6. Flush the System (Two Methods):
* Method 1 (Without a Pump): Start the engine and let it idle. Turn the steering wheel slowly and fully lock-to-lock several times. This helps circulate the fluid. Turn off the engine. Repeat this process multiple times, each time draining some old fluid from the reservoir as much as possible. Repeat until fluid runs relatively clear.
* Method 2 (With a Pump - More Thorough): This involves disconnecting a low-pressure line, usually near the power steering pump, and attaching clear tubing to it. Then you'd run the engine and collect the old fluid in a drain pan, continually adding new fluid to the reservoir. This method is more effective at completely flushing the system but is more advanced and requires more careful planning.
7. Refill the Reservoir: Once you've drained as much old fluid as possible, add new power steering fluid to the reservoir, checking the level frequently and filling to the "full" line.
8. Restart and Check: Start the engine and turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock several times. Check for leaks. Top off the fluid if needed.
9. Reinstall Cap: Replace the reservoir cap.
10. Check Fluid Level Periodically: After driving for a few days, check the power steering fluid level again. Top off if necessary.
Important Considerations:
* Power Steering Pump: If the fluid is severely contaminated or the system is making noise, you might need to replace the power steering pump. This is a more complex repair.
* Air in the System: Air in the power steering system can cause problems. If you suspect air, consult a repair manual or a professional for bleeding the system.
* Fluid Type: Using the incorrect fluid can damage the system. Always use the fluid specified in your owner's manual.
Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only. Improper repair can damage your vehicle. If you are not comfortable performing this task yourself, consult a qualified mechanic.
