1. The Basics:
* Battery: This is the most common culprit. Check the battery terminals for corrosion (clean them with a wire brush if necessary). Test the battery voltage with a multimeter. It should read around 12.6V when fully charged. If it's low, jump-start it or charge it. A weak battery might crank slowly or not at all.
* Cables: Inspect the battery cables for any damage, fraying, or loose connections. Poor connections can prevent sufficient current flow.
* Starter Motor: If the battery is good, the starter might be faulty. You should hear a clicking sound (sometimes a whirring) when you turn the key. No sound at all points to a bad battery, cable, or starter. A clicking sound often indicates a weak battery, bad starter solenoid, or a poor connection. A slow cranking speed usually points to a weak battery or starter.
2. Ignition System:
* Ignition Switch: A faulty ignition switch can prevent power from reaching the starter motor. Try turning the key to different positions to see if it's sticking or unresponsive.
* Ignition Coil: This component provides high voltage to the spark plugs. A faulty coil will prevent sparking. Testing requires a multimeter or a spark tester.
* Distributor (if applicable): Older Falcons might have distributors. Check the rotor and cap for cracks or damage. Also check for worn or broken distributor wires.
* Spark Plugs and Wires: Inspect the spark plugs for wear, fouling, or damage. Check the spark plug wires for cracks or damage. A simple test involves pulling a plug wire (while wearing gloves), holding the end near a grounded metal surface, and cranking the engine. You should see a spark. *Caution: This can be dangerous. Don't do it near anything flammable.*
* Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP): This sensor tells the computer the position of the crankshaft, crucial for timing the ignition. A faulty CKP sensor will prevent starting. Requires a multimeter to test.
* Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) (if equipped): Similar function to CKP, but for the camshaft.
3. Fuel System:
* Fuel Pump: Listen carefully for the fuel pump humming when you turn the ignition key to the "on" position (before cranking). You should hear a brief hum. No hum suggests a faulty pump, relay, or fuse.
* Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can restrict fuel flow to the engine. Replace it if it's old or dirty.
* Fuel Injectors: Faulty injectors can prevent fuel from reaching the cylinders. Testing requires specialized tools.
* Fuel Pressure: Low fuel pressure means the engine won't get enough fuel. Requires a fuel pressure gauge to test.
4. Other Possibilities:
* Immobilizer System: Some 1994 Falcons may have an immobilizer system. If the key isn't recognized, the engine won't start.
* Computer/ECU Problems: A faulty Engine Control Unit (ECU) can prevent the engine from starting. Requires diagnostic tools to check.
* Security System: Aftermarket security systems can sometimes interfere with starting.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Start with the basics: Battery, cables, and starter.
2. Check for spark: Spark plugs and wires.
3. Check for fuel: Fuel pump, filter, and pressure.
4. If you have basic mechanical skills, look up a repair manual specific to your 1994 Ford Falcon model. It will help pinpoint possible issues.
5. If you're not comfortable working on your car, take it to a mechanic.
Remember safety first! Work in a well-ventilated area and disconnect the battery negative terminal before working on any electrical components. Be cautious when working around fuel and high voltage.
