* Air intake system: This will vary slightly depending on the exact model and modifications, but generally involves disconnecting the air filter housing and related hoses to gain access.
* Wiring harness: There are various wiring harnesses and connectors near the spark plug area. You may need to carefully move or temporarily disconnect some to get enough space to work. Take pictures before disconnecting anything to ensure proper reassembly.
* Fuel injector rail (potentially): Depending on how much access you need, you might have to remove the fuel injector rail. This requires careful handling and will necessitate a method for keeping the fuel injectors from hanging/damaging.
* Spark plug wires: Carefully remove each spark plug wire from its corresponding spark plug, making note of their order. A good way is to take a picture or make a labeled diagram.
* Possibly the intake manifold: While less likely, depending on the specific layout, some components might require you to at least partially remove the intake manifold for better access.
Tools You'll Need:
* Socket wrench with extension and universal joint: A deep well socket that fits your spark plugs is crucial. A universal joint allows you to work at different angles, making the process easier.
* Spark plug socket: The correct size (likely 5/8" or 13mm) for your spark plugs, ideally one that has a rubber insert to prevent damaging the spark plugs.
* Ratchet: To turn the socket wrench.
* Wrench for the fuel injector rail (if removing it): This depends on the type of rail retainers used.
* Needle-nose pliers: To help with disconnecting some wiring harnesses.
* New spark plugs: Make sure you get the correct type and heat range for your engine. Consult your owner's manual.
* Penetrating oil (optional): This can help loosen stuck spark plugs.
* Gloves: To protect your hands.
* Shop rags or paper towels: To keep the area clean.
* Torque wrench (highly recommended): To ensure you tighten the new spark plugs to the correct specification (consult your owner's manual). Over-tightening can damage the plugs or engine block.
Important Considerations:
* Disconnect the negative battery terminal before starting any work to prevent accidental short circuits.
* Work in a well-ventilated area. Gasoline fumes are dangerous.
* Be careful not to drop anything into the engine.
* Refer to a repair manual specific to your 1994 Ford Ranger 2.3L. A Haynes or Chilton manual will provide detailed diagrams and instructions. Online resources might also be helpful but always verify the information with a reputable source.
This is a general guide. The actual steps may differ slightly depending on your specific vehicle's configuration. Always prioritize safety and consult a repair manual for precise instructions. If you are uncomfortable performing this task, it is best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic.
