Generally speaking, 5w30 is a thinner oil than 10w40, and it flows more easily at lower temperatures. This can be beneficial in cold climates, as it helps to ensure that the oil can circulate properly and lubricate the engine effectively. However, 10w40 is a thicker oil, and it may be better suited for warmer climates or for vehicles with higher mileage.
If you are unsure about which oil to use, it is always best to consult with your dealership or a qualified mechanic. They can help you choose the best oil for your specific vehicle and driving conditions.