One of the main reasons why vehicles make crackling noises when they cool down is thermal expansion and contraction. As the engine heats up during operation, the metal components expand. When the engine is turned off and begins to cool down, these components contract. This process of expansion and contraction can cause parts to rub against each other, creating a crackling sound.
Exhaust System Cooling
Another reason for crackling noises when a vehicle cools down is the exhaust system cooling. As the exhaust system heats up during operation, it expands. When the engine is turned off and begins to cool down, the exhaust system contracts. This can cause the pipes and components of the exhaust system to vibrate and make a crackling sound.
Loose or Damaged Components
In some cases, crackling noises when a vehicle cools down can be caused by loose or damaged components. For example, a loose heat shield or a damaged exhaust system mount can vibrate when the engine is running and make a crackling sound. These types of noises should be investigated and addressed by a qualified mechanic to prevent further damage to the vehicle.