1. Worn piston rings: Worn piston rings can allow combustion gases to leak past the piston and into the crankcase, causing excessive blow-by. This can also lead to a loss of compression, which can make the engine difficult to start.
2. Cylinder liner damage: Damage to the cylinder liners can also allow combustion gases to leak into the crankcase. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including overheating, detonation, or improper maintenance.
3. Head gasket failure: A head gasket failure can also allow combustion gases to leak into the crankcase. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including overheating, improper installation, or a defective head gasket.
4. PCV valve failure: The PCV valve (positive crankcase ventilation valve) helps to regulate the pressure in the crankcase and remove harmful gases. A faulty PCV valve can cause excessive blow-by and make the engine difficult to start.
5. Turbocharger problems: A faulty turbocharger can also cause excessive blow-by. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including a damaged turbine wheel, a leaking oil seal, or a clogged air filter.
The fact that the heavy smoking stops while idling and the engine starts right away when the block heater is plugged in suggests that the problem may be related to the engine temperature. When the engine is cold, the piston rings and cylinder liners may not be properly seated, allowing combustion gases to leak into the crankcase. As the engine warms up, the metal expands and the seals become tighter, reducing the blow-by.
To diagnose the exact cause of the problem, it will be necessary to perform further testing, such as a cylinder compression test and a leak-down test. Once the cause of the problem has been identified, it can be repaired accordingly.
