1. Coal: Coal is the primary fuel used for electricity generation in India. It is an abundant natural resource in the country, and coal-fired power plants contribute significantly to the total power generation capacity.
2. Natural Gas: Natural gas is an important fuel used for power generation, industrial processes, and domestic cooking. It is considered a cleaner fuel compared to coal and is increasingly being used as a preferred fuel in various sectors.
3. Renewable Energy Sources: India has a significant potential for renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydropower, and biomass. Solar and wind power have been expanding rapidly to meet the country's energy needs. Small hydropower projects and the use of biomass also contribute to renewable energy production.
4. Petroleum Products: Petroleum-based fuels such as petrol (gasoline), diesel, and kerosene are widely used in transportation. Petrol is used in cars and motorcycles, while diesel is extensively used in trucks, buses, and agricultural machinery. Kerosene is primarily used for cooking in rural areas where LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is not easily accessible.
5. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): LPG, commonly known as cooking gas, is widely used for domestic and commercial cooking, especially in urban areas. It is supplied in cylinders and provides a cleaner and more efficient alternative to kerosene.
6. Biomass: Biomass fuels such as firewood, agricultural residues, and animal dung are still used in rural areas for cooking, heating, and other purposes. Although its use has reduced with the increasing availability of LPG and kerosene, biomass remains a significant source of energy in India, particularly for the economically weaker sections of society.
These fuels are used to meet the energy requirements of a large and diverse population. The government of India is also promoting energy efficiency and conservation measures to reduce energy consumption and transition towards a more sustainable energy future.
