- Air pollution: Cars emit various pollutants into the air, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. These pollutants can cause respiratory problems, heart disease, and cancer.
- Greenhouse gas emissions: Cars are a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by cars, but they also release methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O).
- Water pollution: Cars can pollute water sources through oil and gas leaks, as well as runoff from roads and parking lots. This pollution can harm aquatic ecosystems and make water unsafe for drinking or swimming.
- Land use: Cars require a significant amount of land for roads, parking lots, and other infrastructure. This can lead to deforestation and habitat loss, which can have negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services.
- Noise pollution: Cars produce noise that can be disruptive to people and wildlife. Noise pollution can cause stress, sleep disturbance, and hearing loss.
- Traffic congestion: Cars can also contribute to traffic congestion, which can lead to increased air pollution, fuel consumption, and stress.
