Here's a general outline. Specific steps and tool requirements might vary slightly depending on the engine (2.0L or 2.5L) and whether you have AC. Always consult a repair manual specific to your 1989 Pontiac Sunbird for detailed instructions and diagrams. A Haynes or Chilton manual would be a great investment.
Before You Begin:
* Safety First: Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable before starting any work. This prevents electrical shocks and shorts.
* Gather Tools: You'll likely need:
* Socket wrench set (metric)
* Ratchet and extensions
* Wrenches (metric)
* Pliers
* Screwdrivers (possibly Phillips and flathead)
* Jack and jack stands (essential for safe working conditions)
* Wheel chocks
* New alternator (ensure it's the correct one for your vehicle)
* Battery charger (optional, but recommended to top off the battery after)
* Gloves and safety glasses
General Steps (This is not exhaustive and may not apply perfectly to your specific vehicle):
1. Prepare the Vehicle: Secure the vehicle using jack stands after safely lifting it. Engage the parking brake and use wheel chocks.
2. Access the Alternator: This usually involves removing some components to gain access. This could include:
* Removing the serpentine belt (consult your repair manual for the proper procedure. It usually involves loosening tensioners).
* Removing various covers or brackets that might be obstructing the alternator.
3. Disconnect the Electrical Connections:
* Carefully disconnect the alternator's wiring harness connectors. Take pictures or make notes to remember how they connect.
* Disconnect the main power cable (usually a large bolt).
4. Remove the Alternator:
* This usually involves removing several bolts that secure the alternator to the engine block or mounting bracket.
5. Install the New Alternator:
* Carefully install the new alternator, ensuring it's properly aligned with the mounting points.
* Tighten all bolts securely.
6. Reconnect the Electrical Connections:
* Reconnect the main power cable and wiring harness connectors, matching them to the pictures or notes you made.
7. Reinstall Components:
* Reinstall any components you removed to access the alternator (brackets, covers, etc.).
* Reinstall the serpentine belt, ensuring it's routed correctly.
8. Reconnect the Battery: Carefully reconnect the negative (-) battery cable.
9. Test: Start the engine and check the charging system. Your car's charging system warning light should go out after the engine is running. You can also use a multimeter to check the alternator's output voltage.
Important Considerations:
* Serpentine Belt Routing: Getting the serpentine belt back on correctly is crucial. A misrouted belt can lead to damage. Refer to your repair manual for the correct routing.
* Belt Tension: Ensure the serpentine belt has the proper tension. Too loose, and it will slip; too tight, and it can put extra stress on the alternator and other components.
* Bolt Torque: Use a torque wrench to tighten the alternator mounting bolts to the manufacturer's specified torque. This is vital to prevent damage or loosening.
Again, this is a general outline. A repair manual specific to your 1989 Pontiac Sunbird is absolutely essential for accurate and safe replacement. Failing to follow the correct procedures can result in damage to your vehicle or injury to yourself. If you are not comfortable performing this repair yourself, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic.
