Fuel System:
* Fuel Pump: A failing fuel pump can't deliver enough fuel to the engine, causing it to stall. This is a common problem in older cars.
* Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter restricts fuel flow, leading to similar symptoms.
* Fuel Injectors: Clogged or failing fuel injectors prevent proper fuel delivery to the cylinders.
* Fuel Pressure Regulator: A malfunctioning regulator can cause inconsistent fuel pressure.
Ignition System:
* Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP): This sensor tells the engine's computer where the crankshaft is positioned. A faulty sensor can cause the engine to stall.
* Cam Position Sensor (CMP): Similar to the CKP sensor, but for the camshaft. A faulty CMP can also lead to stalling.
* Ignition Coil: A failing coil can prevent one or more cylinders from firing, potentially causing a stall if enough cylinders are affected.
* Ignition Switch: A faulty ignition switch may not be providing consistent power.
* Distributor (if applicable): Older vehicles might have distributors; issues within can cause intermittent sparking.
Electrical System:
* Alternator: A failing alternator won't charge the battery, and once the battery is drained, the car will die.
* Battery: A weak or failing battery can't provide enough power to keep the engine running. This is often accompanied by dimming lights or slow cranking.
* Wiring Harness: Damaged or corroded wiring can interrupt power to crucial components.
* Computer (PCM): While less common, a failing Powertrain Control Module (PCM) can cause erratic behavior, including stalling.
Other Possibilities:
* Throttle Position Sensor (TPS): A faulty TPS provides inaccurate information to the engine control module about throttle position.
* Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF): A dirty or malfunctioning MAF sensor will give the engine computer incorrect information about the amount of air entering the engine.
* Vacuum Leaks: Leaks in the vacuum system can disrupt engine operation.
* Overheating: An overheating engine can shut itself down as a safety precaution. Check your coolant level and look for leaks.
Troubleshooting Steps:
It's difficult to diagnose the exact cause without a proper inspection. However, you can start with these steps:
1. Check the obvious: Battery voltage, coolant level, and obvious signs of leaks.
2. Check engine codes: Use an OBD-II scanner to read any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored in the car's computer. This will give you a starting point.
3. Consult a repair manual: A repair manual specific to your 1998 Buick Century will provide detailed information about diagnosing and repairing potential problems.
4. Seek professional help: If you're not comfortable working on your car yourself, take it to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. This is the safest and most reliable way to solve the problem.
Remember, safety first! If your car is shutting off while driving, it's crucial to get it checked out immediately to avoid dangerous situations.
