This is a general guide; always consult your vehicle's repair manual for specific torque specifications and procedures. Variations may exist based on trim level and specific options.
Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands
* Wheel chocks
* Lug wrench
* Socket wrench set (metric)
* Ratchet
* Extensions
* C-clamp (or brake caliper compressor tool)
* Wire brush
* Brake cleaner
* Pliers
* New brake shoes
* New brake drums (likely needed, unless your drums are in excellent condition)
* New wheel cylinders (recommended, as they often leak when disturbed)
* New hardware (clips, springs, etc.) – it's best to replace these.
* Grease (for lubrication of pins and hardware)
* Torque wrench
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the front wheels. Use a jack to lift the rear of the vehicle and securely place it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and carefully remove the wheel.
3. Inspect the Drum: Observe the condition of the brake drum. If it's rusty, scored, or shows significant wear, replace it. You likely can't properly assess the brake shoes without removing the drum. If it's in good shape, carefully remove it. Sometimes tapping it lightly with a rubber mallet is sufficient; other times you might need to carefully pry it off.
4. Remove the Brake Shoes: Once the drum is off, you'll see the brake shoes. Note their position and how all the springs and retainers are attached. This is crucial for reassembly. Take photos if it helps. Carefully remove the springs, retaining clips, and brake shoes. You may need to use pliers to remove stubborn clips. The wheel cylinders are at the back of the shoe assembly; *handle them carefully to avoid damage.*
5. Replace the Wheel Cylinders (Recommended): Wheel cylinders are relatively inexpensive and are prone to leaking once disturbed. Replacing them now saves potential future headaches. Remove the old cylinders using a suitable wrench. Before installing the new cylinders, lightly lubricate the cylinder bores with brake fluid. Install the new wheel cylinders and ensure they are fully seated. Bleed the brakes afterward (see step 9).
6. Install the New Brake Shoes: Install the new brake shoes, carefully aligning them with the wheel cylinder and installing all springs and retaining clips. Ensure everything is properly seated and aligned according to the way it was before removal, and your photo reference.
7. Install the Brake Drum: Install the new or cleaned-up brake drum. Make sure the drum spins freely and isn't rubbing on the brake shoes. It should only barely make contact with the shoes.
8. Reassemble: Reinstall the wheel, lug nuts (tighten them by hand first), and lower the vehicle. Tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque.
9. Bleed the Brakes: Because you've worked on the hydraulic system, it's critical to bleed the brakes to remove any air that might have entered the lines. This requires a second person to pump the brake pedal and a brake bleeder wrench to open and close the bleeder valve at each wheel. Consult your repair manual or an online resource for the proper brake bleeding procedure.
10. Test: After bleeding the brakes, test them thoroughly. Drive slowly at first to ensure they're working correctly.
Important Considerations:
* Brake Drum Condition: If the brake drums are severely scored or worn, they must be replaced. Reusing damaged drums can lead to poor braking performance and potential safety hazards.
* Wheel Cylinder Replacement: Replacing the wheel cylinders is highly recommended to prevent future leaks and brake failure.
* Brake Fluid: Use the correct type of brake fluid specified in your vehicle's owner's manual.
* Professional Help: If you're uncomfortable performing this repair yourself, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Brake failure is a serious safety issue.
This is a complex process. If you are not comfortable with automotive repair, it's best to consult a professional mechanic. This guide is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional advice. Improper brake repair can be dangerous.
