You'll Need:
* Clutch bleeding kit: This usually includes a clear hose, a container to collect fluid, and potentially a one-man bleeder. A vacuum bleeder is also a good option and can make the job much easier.
* Brake fluid (DOT 3 or DOT 4): Crucially, use the correct type specified in your owner's manual. Using the wrong type can damage the system.
* Wrench: The size will depend on your bleeder valve. It's usually 8mm or 10mm.
* Container: To catch the old fluid.
* Rags or shop towels: To clean up spills.
* Assistant (Recommended): Having someone pump the clutch pedal makes the process much faster and easier.
Steps:
1. Locate the Bleeder Valve: The bleeder valve is located on the slave cylinder, which is usually attached to the transmission bellhousing. It's a small valve with a fitting for a hose. You might need a flashlight and possibly some maneuvering to find it; it's often in a somewhat awkward spot.
2. Prepare the System: Open the clutch master cylinder reservoir cap. Top it off with fresh brake fluid. Make sure you have plenty of fluid on hand, as you will be losing some during the process.
3. Attach the Bleeder Hose: Attach one end of the clear hose to the bleeder valve. Submerge the other end in your container filled with brake fluid. This allows you to see the bubbles escaping.
4. Bleeding the Clutch (With an Assistant):
* Have your assistant slowly and steadily pump the clutch pedal several times.
* Have your assistant hold the clutch pedal down.
* Open the bleeder valve with your wrench, slowly at first to avoid spraying fluid everywhere.
* You should see bubbles coming through the hose.
* Once the bubbles stop, close the bleeder valve.
* Repeat this process until there are no more bubbles in the fluid. This may take several repetitions.
5. Bleeding the Clutch (One-Man Bleeder): If you are doing this solo, use a one-man bleeder or vacuum bleeder. This attaches to the bleeder valve and creates the suction needed to draw out air. Follow the instructions provided with your bleeder. This is generally much faster and more efficient.
6. Check Fluid Level: After bleeding, check the master cylinder reservoir and add more brake fluid if necessary.
7. Re-check for Leaks: Inspect the connections for any leaks after bleeding the system.
8. Test the Clutch: Test the clutch pedal to ensure it is firm and that the clutch engages and disengages properly.
Important Considerations:
* Air in the System: Air in the hydraulic clutch system can cause a spongy or unresponsive clutch pedal. This is the main reason for bleeding.
* Low Fluid: Low brake fluid can also cause a poor clutch response. Make sure to regularly check the fluid level.
* Master Cylinder Problems: If you've bled the clutch and it still feels spongy, there might be an issue with the master cylinder (a leak or internal failure). You may need to replace the master cylinder.
* Slave Cylinder Problems: Similarly, a leak or failure in the slave cylinder would cause problems.
* Owner's Manual: Always consult your owner's manual for specific information on your vehicle.
If you're uncomfortable performing this procedure yourself, it's best to take your S-10 to a qualified mechanic. Bleeding a clutch is relatively straightforward, but a mistake can lead to further problems.
