1. Loose or Cracked Hose: This is the most likely culprit. The hose connecting the reservoir to the pump, or the hose leading from the pump to the nozzles, may be loose, cracked, or deteriorated from age.
* How to fix: Visually inspect all hoses in the area. Look for cracks, splits, or areas where the hose is not securely clamped onto the pump or nozzles. Replace any damaged hoses with new ones of the correct size. Use new hose clamps to ensure a secure fit.
2. Leaky Pump: The pump itself might be failing, leaking fluid from its seals. This is less common than a hose problem but possible.
* How to fix: This is more involved. You'll likely need to access the pump (usually under the hood, near the washer fluid reservoir) and carefully inspect it for leaks. If you find a leak, you'll need to replace the pump. This often involves disconnecting hoses, possibly electrical connectors, and potentially some maneuvering to reach the pump's mounting bolts.
3. Cracked Reservoir: While less frequent, a crack in the washer fluid reservoir itself can cause a leak, particularly near the pump where the hose connects.
* How to fix: Inspect the reservoir carefully for any cracks or damage. If found, you'll likely need to replace the entire reservoir.
4. Loose Connection at the Pump: Sometimes, a poor connection between the pump and the hose, even without a visibly damaged hose, can cause leakage.
* How to fix: Check the hose clamp on the pump's outlet. Ensure it is tight and the hose is securely seated.
Before you begin:
* Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery terminal before starting any work to prevent electrical shorts.
* Gather Supplies: You'll need new hoses (if needed), new hose clamps, possibly a new pump or reservoir, and potentially some tools (screwdrivers, pliers, possibly a socket set depending on pump access).
* Locate the Leak: Before tearing things apart, carefully examine the area around the pump with the fluid reservoir full to pinpoint the precise location of the leak. A flashlight can be helpful.
* Consult a Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1995 Chevy Lumina 3.1L will provide detailed diagrams and instructions, making the repair much easier.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Visual Inspection: Start with a thorough visual inspection of all hoses and connections near the pump. This is the quickest and easiest way to identify the problem.
2. Check Hose Clamps: Tighten any loose hose clamps.
3. Replace Damaged Hoses: If any hoses are cracked, replace them.
4. Inspect the Pump: If the leak persists, carefully examine the pump for cracks or leaks.
5. Replace the Pump (if necessary): If the pump is leaking, replace it.
6. Inspect the Reservoir: Check the reservoir for cracks.
If you're not comfortable performing these repairs yourself, it's best to take your car to a qualified mechanic. Replacing a pump or reservoir can be more involved than it seems.
