Here's a general outline of the process. Specific details may vary slightly depending on your exact axle type (e.g., 10-bolt, 12-bolt). Always consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle's year and axle type for precise instructions and torque specifications.
Tools you'll likely need:
* Rear axle stand: Absolutely essential for safety. Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.
* Jack and jack stands: To lift the vehicle.
* Drain pan: To catch the gear oil.
* Socket set: Various sizes, including a socket that fits the axle nut.
* Wrench(es): For various bolts and nuts.
* Hammer and punch (or drift punch): For removing the spider gear pin. A properly sized punch is crucial to avoid damaging the pin or the axle housing.
* Gear oil: To refill the differential after reassembly.
* Shop towels or rags: For cleanup.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To help loosen any stuck components.
* Differential carrier bearing removal tool (possibly): May be needed to remove the carrier bearing retaining nuts and separating the axle from the carrier.
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for specifics):
1. Safety First: Secure the vehicle on jack stands. Disconnect the battery's negative terminal.
2. Drain the Gear Oil: Locate the drain plug on the differential housing and carefully drain the oil into a drain pan.
3. Remove the Axle Flanges: Remove the axle shaft nuts and then the axle flanges. This often requires a breaker bar or impact wrench.
4. Remove the Axle Shafts: Carefully remove the axle shafts from the differential. Sometimes this can be done by simply pulling them out; other times, you may need to use a slide hammer or other specialized tools.
5. Remove the Differential Cover: Remove the differential cover bolts and carefully remove the cover.
6. Locate the Spider Gear Pin: The spider gear pin is usually located in the center of the spider gears. It's a small pin that holds the spider gears together.
7. Apply Penetrating Oil: Apply penetrating oil to the spider gear pin to help loosen it. Let it sit for a while to penetrate.
8. Remove the Spider Gear Pin: Carefully tap the pin out using a properly sized punch and hammer. Avoid using excessive force, as this could damage the pin or the spider gears. Start with light taps and gradually increase force if needed. It may require working the punch from different angles. Sometimes a pin will just push straight out, and sometimes it may require hitting it on the side to work it loose, being careful not to damage the case.
9. Reassembly: Reverse the steps above for reassembly. Be sure to torque all bolts and nuts to the manufacturer's specifications (found in your repair manual). Replace the gear oil with the correct type and amount.
Important Considerations:
* Axle Type: The specific procedure might vary slightly depending on whether you have a 10-bolt or 12-bolt rear axle.
* Repair Manual: A factory service manual or a Haynes/Chilton manual for your specific year and model is invaluable. It will provide detailed diagrams and instructions.
* Professional Help: If you're unsure about any step, it's best to seek help from a qualified mechanic. Incorrectly assembling a differential can lead to serious damage.
This is a simplified overview. Attempting this repair without proper knowledge and tools could lead to significant damage to your vehicle. Again, consult a repair manual and consider professional help if needed.
