This process outlines the general steps. Specific procedures might vary slightly depending on your exact LeSabre's model and condition. Always consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle year and model for precise instructions and torque specifications. A Haynes or Chilton manual is a good investment.
Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Absolutely essential for safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the vehicle.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Ball joint separator: This tool is crucial for separating the ball joint from the control arm. Several types exist; a pickle fork is generally *not* recommended as it can damage the control arm. A ball joint press is ideal but more expensive.
* Socket set and wrenches: Various sizes will be needed, including those appropriate for the ball joint nut and control arm bolts.
* Torque wrench: Essential for proper tightening to prevent premature wear and failure.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): Soak the bolts and nuts beforehand to help loosen them.
* Hammer: May be needed to help with separating components.
* New lower ball joints: Buy high-quality replacement parts.
* Grease: For repacking the new ball joints.
* Safety glasses and gloves: Protect yourself from injury.
Steps:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the wheels. Raise the front of the car using the jack and securely support it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
3. Disconnect Components:
* Brake caliper: May need to be removed or carefully supported out of the way. Disconnect the brake line if necessary.
* ABS sensor (if equipped): Carefully disconnect the sensor wire if present.
* Steering linkage: Disconnect the tie rod end from the steering knuckle. Mark its position before disconnecting to ensure proper realignment later.
4. Remove the Cotter Pin and Castle Nut: Remove the cotter pin and castle nut from the ball joint stud.
5. Separate the Ball Joint: Use the ball joint separator to separate the ball joint from the control arm. This is the most challenging part and requires patience and the right tool. Avoid using excessive force, which could damage the control arm.
6. Remove the Ball Joint: Once separated, remove the ball joint from the knuckle.
7. Install the New Ball Joint: Pack the new ball joint with grease according to the manufacturer's instructions. Install the new ball joint into the knuckle.
8. Reassemble: Reinstall all the components in reverse order of disassembly, ensuring everything is properly aligned. Pay close attention to torque specifications for all bolts and nuts. Consult your repair manual.
9. Toe Alignment: After reassembly, you will likely need a wheel alignment. Improper alignment can lead to premature tire wear and handling problems.
Important Considerations:
* Rust: On a 1987 vehicle, rust can be a significant problem. Be prepared for rusted and seized bolts and nuts. Penetrating oil and heat (carefully applied!) may be necessary.
* Pressing: Some mechanics might use a ball joint press to remove and install the ball joints, which is the preferred method for minimizing damage.
* Suspension Geometry: Proper alignment is crucial for safe driving. Do not drive the vehicle until a professional wheel alignment has been performed.
This is a general overview. Consult a repair manual for detailed, vehicle-specific instructions and torque specifications. If you lack experience, seeking professional help is strongly recommended. Improperly installed ball joints can lead to serious accidents.
