1. Identify the Problem:
* Intermittent Wiping: Wipers work sometimes, but not consistently.
* Slow Wiping: Wipers move slowly, regardless of speed setting.
* No Wiping: Wipers don't move at all.
* Wipers Stuck: Wipers are stuck in one position.
* Chattering/Skipping: Wipers jump or skip across the windshield.
* Streaking: Wipers leave streaks or smears.
2. Troubleshooting Steps:
* Check the Fuses: Consult your owner's manual to locate the wiper motor fuse(s) and check if they're blown. Replace any blown fuses with the correct amperage.
* Inspect the Wiper Switch: Test the switch by moving it through all positions. If it feels loose, broken, or doesn't click properly, it might need replacement. A faulty switch can cause intermittent wiping or no wiping at all.
* Examine the Wiper Motor: This is often located under the hood, usually near the cowl (the area where the windshield meets the hood). You might need to remove some plastic covers to access it.
* Listen for the motor: Turn the wipers on. Do you hear the motor running? If not, the motor itself may be faulty or there's a wiring problem.
* Visually inspect: Look for any obvious damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
* Test the motor (advanced): If you have a multimeter, you can test the motor's voltage and continuity to determine if it's receiving power and functioning correctly. This requires some electrical knowledge.
* Check the Wiper Linkage: This connects the motor to the wiper arms. Look for any broken parts, binding, or rust that prevents smooth movement. Lubrication might help, but significant damage requires replacement of parts.
* Inspect the Wiper Arms and Blades:
* Blades: Worn or damaged wiper blades are a common cause of streaking and skipping. Replace them. Consider buying high-quality blades for better performance.
* Arms: Check the arms for any looseness or damage. If they're loose, try tightening them (often there's a nut at the base of the arm). Damaged arms need replacement.
* Check the Wiper Motor Ground: A poor ground connection can prevent the motor from working. Clean the ground wire connection and ensure a solid contact.
* Examine Wiring and Connectors: Check all wiring connectors leading to the wiper motor and switch for corrosion, loose connections, or broken wires. Clean or repair as needed.
3. Parts Replacement (if necessary):
* Wiper blades: Easily replaceable.
* Wiper motor: Requires some mechanical skill and potentially specialized tools.
* Wiper switch: May require removal of steering column trim.
* Wiper linkage parts: Can involve removing wiper arms and cowl components.
4. Seeking Professional Help:
If you're not comfortable working on your car's electrical system or mechanical components, it's best to take your Ford Taurus/Mercury Sable to a qualified mechanic. Incorrect repairs can lead to further damage.
Important Notes:
* Disconnect the battery negative terminal before working on any electrical components. This is crucial for safety.
* Consult a repair manual specific to your year and model of Ford Taurus/Mercury Sable. This will provide detailed diagrams and instructions.
* Take pictures before disassembling anything to help with reassembly.
By following this systematic approach, you should be able to pinpoint the cause of your wiper problems and either fix them yourself or provide clear information to a mechanic.
