Here's a general procedure. Specific steps and tools may vary slightly depending on your exact Cavalier model and trim. Consult a repair manual specific to your year and model for the most accurate instructions. A Haynes or Chilton manual is a good investment for DIY car repairs.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and jack stands
* Lug wrench
* Wheel chocks
* Socket wrench and sockets (various sizes)
* Hammer
* Drift punch (optional, but helpful)
* Brake drum removal tool (optional, but highly recommended)
* C-clamp (optional, for stubborn drums)
* Wire brush
* Gloves
* Penetrating lubricant (like PB Blaster)
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the front wheels. Raise the rear of the vehicle using the jack and securely place it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and carefully remove the wheel.
3. Inspect the Brake System: Before proceeding, visually inspect the brake shoes, drums, and hardware for wear and tear. You might need to replace brake shoes if they're worn down or damaged.
4. Loosen the Parking Brake Cable: Locate the parking brake cable attached to the rear brake backing plate. You may need to loosen the cable adjuster to relieve tension. This is often a small nut or bolt.
5. Apply Penetrating Lubricant: Spray penetrating lubricant around the edges of the brake drum where it contacts the backing plate. Let it sit for a few minutes to help loosen rust and corrosion.
6. Remove the Brake Drum: This is often the trickiest part. Try gently tapping the drum all around its circumference with a rubber mallet. Avoid damaging the drum or backing plate. A brake drum puller is extremely helpful here – it provides leverage to pull the drum away from the backing plate. If you don't have one, you can try using a large C-clamp to gently pull the drum off. Avoid using excessive force, as you could damage the drum or backing plate.
7. Inspect Brake Shoes and Hardware: Once the drum is removed, inspect the brake shoes for wear, and check the springs, adjusters, and other hardware for damage or corrosion. Clean the drum and backing plate thoroughly with a wire brush.
8. Reassembly: Reassembly is the reverse of the removal process. Ensure the brake shoes are properly seated and adjusted. The parking brake cable needs to be reconnected and tightened appropriately. After reinstalling the wheel, ensure the lug nuts are torqued to the manufacturer's specifications.
Important Notes:
* Brake Drum Puller: Investing in a brake drum puller is highly recommended. It makes the job much easier and safer, reducing the risk of damage to the drum or backing plate.
* Brake Shoes: If the brake shoes are worn, they should be replaced at the same time as the brake drum work. Always replace brake shoes in pairs.
* Bleeding Brakes: After any brake work, it's good practice to bleed the brakes to remove any air that may have entered the system.
This is a general overview. Refer to a repair manual for your specific vehicle for detailed instructions and torque specifications. If you are uncomfortable performing this repair, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improper brake repair can be dangerous.
