Here's a general outline of the process. This is not a complete, step-by-step guide and may vary slightly depending on your specific Festiva model. Always consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle year and model for detailed instructions and torque specifications. A Haynes or Chilton manual would be a valuable investment.
Tools you'll likely need:
* Jack and jack stands: Absolutely essential for safety.
* Wheel chocks: To prevent the car from rolling.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Impact wrench (recommended): Makes the job significantly easier, especially for the axle nut. If you don't have one, a good quality breaker bar and socket will be needed.
* Sockets and wrenches (metric): Various sizes will be needed.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To loosen rusted or seized bolts.
* Ball joint separator: To separate the ball joint from the steering knuckle.
* Bearing race and seal installer/remover: Specialized tools for safely installing and removing the bearings and seals. Improper installation can damage the bearings.
* Press (highly recommended): A press is the best way to properly install the new bearings. Improvising may damage the new bearings.
* Torque wrench: Crucial for tightening components to the correct specifications.
* Grease: Pack the new bearings with grease before installation.
* New wheel bearings, seals, and any other necessary parts.
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for precise details):
1. Safety First: Securely jack up the vehicle and place it on jack stands. Engage the parking brake and use wheel chocks.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
3. Disconnect Brake Caliper: Carefully disconnect the brake caliper and either hang it from the suspension or secure it out of the way to prevent damage to the brake hose.
4. Remove the Axle Nut: This is often very tight. Use an impact wrench if possible. Penetrating oil may be necessary.
5. Separate Ball Joint: Use a ball joint separator to separate the ball joint from the steering knuckle. This step requires careful attention to avoid damage.
6. Remove the Knuckle: Carefully remove the steering knuckle assembly from the hub. This often involves removing cotter pins and castle nuts.
7. Remove the Old Bearing and Seal: This is where the bearing race and seal installer/remover tools are crucial. Using a hammer and chisel can easily damage the components.
8. Clean and Inspect: Thoroughly clean the hub and knuckle. Inspect for any damage.
9. Install New Bearing and Seal: Use a press to properly install the new bearing and seal. Packing the new bearings with grease is essential.
10. Reassemble: Carefully reassemble the knuckle, hub, and axle nut, tightening to the correct torque specifications as per your repair manual.
11. Reconnect Brake Caliper: Reattach the brake caliper.
12. Reinstall Wheel: Reinstall the wheel and tighten the lug nuts to the correct torque specification.
13. Lower Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle from the jack stands.
14. Test Drive: Take a short test drive to check for any unusual noises or vibrations. Check the wheel bearing regularly after replacing them.
Again, this is a simplified overview. Improper installation can lead to serious consequences, including wheel failure. Use a repair manual specific to your 1988 Ford Festiva for detailed, step-by-step instructions and torque specifications. If you're unsure about any step, seek professional help.
