Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Essential for safe vehicle lifting.
* Wheel chocks: To prevent the vehicle from rolling.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Ball joint separator: A crucial tool for separating the ball joint from the knuckle. Several types exist (pickle fork, ball joint press). A press is the preferred method to avoid damage.
* Hammer (or mallet): Might be used with a separator, depending on the type.
* Sockets and wrenches: Various sizes to remove cotter pins, castle nuts, and other fasteners. A good socket set is essential.
* Torque wrench: Absolutely critical to tighten components to the correct specifications. Incorrect torque can lead to premature failure and safety hazards.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To help loosen rusted or seized bolts and joints.
* Grease: For lubricating new ball joints.
* New ball joints: Make sure you get the correct parts for your specific Ranger model.
* Impact wrench (optional but helpful): Can greatly speed up some steps, particularly removing the nut on the ball joint stud.
General Steps (Simplified):
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and use wheel chocks. Wear safety glasses and gloves.
2. Suspension Disassembly: This involves removing the wheel, brake caliper (and potentially rotor), cotter pin, castle nut, and possibly other suspension components depending on your Ranger's specific setup. Consult your repair manual for the exact order and procedures. You'll likely need to disconnect the sway bar link.
3. Ball Joint Separation: This is the most difficult part. Use the ball joint separator to carefully separate the ball joint from the steering knuckle. A press is much safer than a pickle fork and minimizes the risk of damaging the knuckle. Apply penetrating oil well in advance.
4. Removal of the old ball joint: Once separated, remove the old ball joint from the control arm. This often involves removing a retaining nut and possibly pressing it out.
5. Installation of the new ball joint: Grease the new ball joint thoroughly and install it into the control arm. Pay attention to the orientation of the new ball joint and ensure it's properly seated.
6. Reassembly: Carefully reassemble all the components in the reverse order of disassembly. Pay close attention to the proper alignment of parts.
7. Torque Specifications: Use a torque wrench to tighten all bolts and nuts to the manufacturer's specifications as found in your repair manual. This is crucial for safety and proper function.
8. Test and Alignment: After reassembly, carefully test the steering and suspension. It's highly recommended to have a wheel alignment performed after replacing ball joints to ensure proper handling and tire wear.
Disclaimer: This is a highly simplified overview. Replacing ball joints is a complex task with numerous potential pitfalls. Incorrect procedures can lead to serious injury or damage to your vehicle. Always consult a detailed repair manual specific to your 1991 Ford Ranger before attempting this repair. If you're unsure about any step, seek professional help from a qualified mechanic.
