Can you replace your factory installed tires of P235 70R16 on 2012 ford escape with tire size P275 without changing the wheels?
No, you cannot replace P235/70R16 tires with P275/XXR16 tires (where XX represents the aspect ratio) on a 2012 Ford Escape without changing the wheels. The "275" in P275 signifies a significantly wider tire. A P275 tire is substantially wider than a P235 tire, and it would simply not fit on the existing 16-inch rims designed for the narrower P235 tire. You'd likely rub against the fenders, suspension, or other parts of the vehicle.