Here's a general overview of the process. Specific steps may vary slightly depending on the year and model of your Lumina. Always consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle's year and model for detailed instructions and torque specifications.
Tools You'll Need:
* Wheel chocks: Essential for safety.
* Jack and jack stands: Securely support the vehicle.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheels.
* Socket wrench set: Various sizes for bolts and nuts.
* Wheel cylinder compression tool: To compress the wheel cylinder pistons. This is crucial to avoid brake fluid spillage.
* Brake cleaner: To clean parts thoroughly.
* New wheel cylinders: Ensure you get the correct ones for your Lumina's year and model.
* New brake shoes (likely): Wheel cylinders are often replaced when shoes are worn.
* New brake fluid: Top up the master cylinder after bleeding the brakes.
* Wrench for bleeder screw: Usually a 8mm or 10mm.
* Tubing and container for brake fluid: To catch the old fluid.
* Gloves and safety glasses: Protect yourself from brake fluid and sharp parts.
* Repair manual: Specific to your Lumina's year and model.
Steps:
1. Safety First: Chock the wheels, engage the parking brake, and safely jack up the vehicle. Secure it with jack stands. Remove the wheel.
2. Inspect the Brake System: Assess the condition of the brake shoes, drums, and other components. Replacing worn brake shoes is highly recommended when replacing wheel cylinders.
3. Remove the Brake Drum: Carefully remove the drum. Sometimes it can be stubborn and may require a drum puller.
4. Remove the Wheel Cylinder: Locate the wheel cylinder. There will be retaining clips or bolts holding it in place. Carefully remove them.
5. Compress the Wheel Cylinder Pistons: This is critical. Use the compression tool to retract the pistons. This prevents brake fluid from spilling.
6. Disconnect the Brake Lines: Carefully disconnect the brake lines from the wheel cylinder. Have a rag ready to absorb any spilled fluid.
7. Install the New Wheel Cylinder: Carefully install the new wheel cylinder, making sure it's properly seated.
8. Reconnect the Brake Lines: Carefully reconnect the brake lines, ensuring a tight connection to prevent leaks.
9. Install the Brake Shoes (if replacing): If you are replacing the brake shoes, install the new ones, ensuring they are properly adjusted.
10. Reinstall the Brake Drum: Carefully reinstall the brake drum.
11. Reinstall the Wheel: Reinstall the wheel and lower the vehicle.
12. Bleed the Brakes: This is essential to remove air from the brake lines. Use a brake bleeder kit and follow the correct bleeding sequence for your vehicle (usually starting with the furthest wheel from the master cylinder). This requires two people.
13. Test the Brakes: Carefully test the brakes before driving. Ensure they are firm and effective. If there's any softness or sponginess, repeat the bleeding process.
Important Considerations:
* Brake fluid is corrosive: Wear gloves and eye protection. If it gets on your skin, wash it off immediately.
* Bleeding brakes improperly can lead to brake failure: Follow the correct bleeding procedure carefully.
* Always use new parts: Using old or reused parts can compromise the safety of your brakes.
* Consult a repair manual: This guide is a general overview. Your vehicle's specific repair manual will have detailed instructions and torque specifications.
If you're uncomfortable performing this repair, it's best to take your Lumina to a qualified mechanic. Brake failure is extremely dangerous, and it's not worth risking your safety or the safety of others.
