1. Check the Fuses: Start with the simplest thing. Check your owner's manual to locate the fuse for the wipers and make sure it hasn't blown. Replace it if necessary with one of the same amperage.
2. Manually Try to Move the Wipers: With the ignition OFF, gently try to move the wiper arms by hand. See if they're seized or if there's resistance. If they're very stiff, there might be something jamming the mechanism (debris, ice remnants, etc.). Carefully try to free them up. Do not force them.
3. Inspect the Wiper Linkage: Look under the hood at the wiper linkage mechanism. This is the system of arms and joints connecting the motor to the wiper blades. Look for any obvious obstructions, broken parts, or anything out of place. Rust or corrosion can be a common culprit in older cars.
4. Check the Wiper Motor: This is more involved and might require some mechanical skill. The wiper motor is usually located under the hood, near the firewall. You might be able to hear a clicking sound if the motor is trying to operate but is jammed. If you can access it easily, try turning the motor by hand (be careful, it's geared). If it feels seized, the motor may be faulty.
5. Battery Voltage: A weak battery can sometimes prevent the wiper motor from functioning correctly. Check your battery voltage using a multimeter.
6. Professional Help: If none of the above works, you likely need a mechanic's help. The problem could be:
* A broken wiper motor: This might need replacement.
* A faulty wiper switch: The switch in your car's interior could be malfunctioning.
* Damaged wiper linkage: Parts of the linkage system might be broken or worn out and need repair or replacement.
Important Safety Note: When working under the hood, always disconnect the negative battery terminal to prevent accidental shorts or shocks. If you're not comfortable working on your car's electrical or mechanical systems, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic.
