1. Identify the Problem:
* Loose Adjustment Knob/Switch: Start with the simplest. Is the adjustment knob (if it's a manual mirror) loose or worn? If it's an electric mirror, is the switch itself faulty or loose in the dash? A simple tightening might solve it.
* Internal Gear Stripping/Damage: This is the most common cause. The small gears inside the mirror housing that control the movement are plastic and can wear out or strip over time. This is often caused by over-adjusting or rough handling.
* Broken Motor (Electric Mirrors Only): If it's an electric mirror, the small motor that drives the gears might have failed. This is less likely if the mirror moves sometimes, but not consistently holding the position.
* Wiring Issues (Electric Mirrors Only): Loose or broken wires within the mirror assembly or in the door harness can prevent the motor from receiving power correctly or holding its position. This is also less likely if the mirror moves at all.
2. Troubleshooting and Repair:
* Manual Mirror: If the mirror is manually adjusted, you likely have a stripped gear. Disassembling the mirror is necessary to assess the damage. This usually involves removing the mirror glass (often with a small retaining clip or screw) and then accessing the adjustment mechanism. Repairing stripped gears is difficult, often requiring replacing the entire mirror assembly.
* Electric Mirror:
* Check the Switch: Test the switch with a multimeter to see if it's providing power correctly. This requires basic electrical knowledge.
* Check the Wiring: Inspect the wiring harness leading to the mirror for any loose connections, breaks, or frayed wires. This may require partial disassembly of the door panel.
* Test the Motor (Advanced): You can try to access the motor within the mirror housing. If you have a multimeter, you can test for power at the motor terminals when the switch is activated. A malfunctioning motor likely needs replacement.
* Listen for Clicking: When you try to adjust the mirror, can you hear any clicking sounds coming from the mirror housing? This could indicate a problem with the motor or gears.
3. Repair or Replacement Options:
* Replacement Mirror Assembly: The easiest solution, but can be costly. You can find replacement mirrors at auto parts stores (online or brick-and-mortar) specifying your year, make, and model. Ensure you get the correct type (manual or electric, heated or unheated, etc.).
* Repairing the Internal Mechanism: This is difficult and requires technical skills and possibly specialized tools. If you're comfortable disassembling small mechanical parts, you *might* be able to find replacement gears online or at a salvage yard, but it's challenging.
* Used Mirror from a Junkyard: A cost-effective option if you can find a compatible used mirror in good condition.
Important Considerations:
* Door Panel Removal: To access the mirror mechanism, you'll likely need to remove the door panel. Online videos or a repair manual for your specific van model will guide you through this process. Be careful not to damage any wiring or clips during removal.
* Safety First: Disconnect the battery negative terminal before working on any electrical components.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1997 Dodge Ram van will be extremely helpful and provide detailed diagrams and instructions.
If you're not comfortable with auto repair, taking your van to a mechanic is the safest option. They can diagnose the problem accurately and perform the necessary repairs.
