Here's a general outline of the process. Specific steps may vary slightly depending on your Ranger's trim and rear axle configuration:
1. Safety First!
* Engage the parking brake firmly. This is crucial.
* Raise and securely support the vehicle. Use jack stands under the frame, never rely solely on a jack.
* Disconnect the negative battery terminal. This prevents accidental short circuits.
* Wear safety glasses. Brake fluid is corrosive.
2. Gather Tools and Materials:
* New wheel cylinder: Make sure you get the correct one for your Ranger's rear axle (drum brakes).
* Wheel cylinder compressor: This tool retracts the wheel cylinder pistons, making installation much easier. A C-clamp can sometimes work as a makeshift alternative, but a compressor is highly recommended.
* Socket wrench set (metric): You'll need various sizes.
* Open-end wrenches (metric): Useful for working in tight spaces.
* Brake fluid: DOT 3 is typically used.
* Clean rags or shop towels: To absorb spilled brake fluid.
* A container to catch brake fluid: Avoid spilling it on the ground.
* Pliers: For removing brake lines and clips.
* Torque wrench: To tighten bolts to the correct specification (check your repair manual).
* Wire brush: To clean the brake drum and backing plate surfaces.
* Brake cleaner: To clean any dirt and grime.
* Repair manual (highly recommended): A manual specific to your year and model Ranger will provide detailed diagrams and torque specifications.
3. Procedure:
* Remove the wheel: Loosen the lug nuts before jacking up the vehicle, then remove them completely once the wheel is off the ground.
* Remove the brake drum: Some drums can be removed by hand; others may require a drum puller. Be careful not to damage the drum.
* Remove the wheel cylinder retaining clips: Carefully remove these clips holding the wheel cylinder in place.
* Disconnect the brake lines: Use a wrench to carefully loosen the brake lines. Have a rag ready to absorb any spilled brake fluid.
* Remove the wheel cylinder: Once the lines are disconnected, the cylinder should come out relatively easily.
* Compress the wheel cylinder pistons: Use the wheel cylinder compressor to fully retract the pistons. This is essential to prevent damage during installation.
* Clean everything: Thoroughly clean the area around the wheel cylinder mounting area, the brake drum, and the backing plate. Use brake cleaner.
* Install the new wheel cylinder: Carefully install the new wheel cylinder, making sure it seats properly.
* Reconnect the brake lines: Tighten the brake lines to the correct torque specification (consult your repair manual).
* Install the retaining clips: Securely attach the retaining clips.
* Reinstall the brake drum: Make sure it fits snugly onto the backing plate.
* Reinstall the wheel: Tighten the lug nuts to the correct torque specification (consult your repair manual).
* Bleed the brakes: This is critical to remove air from the brake lines. Use a brake bleeder kit and have someone pump the brake pedal while you open the bleeder valves. Start with the furthest wheel from the master cylinder and work your way closer.
4. Post-Installation:
* Lower the vehicle slowly.
* Check for leaks: Inspect all connections for leaks.
* Test the brakes: Test the brakes thoroughly before driving.
Disclaimer: This is a general guide only. Consult a repair manual specific to your 1993 Ford Ranger for detailed instructions and torque specifications. Improper brake repair can lead to serious injury or death. If you are unsure about any step, consult a qualified mechanic.
