Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands (SAFETY FIRST! Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack)
* Lug wrench
* Wheel chocks
* Socket wrench set (metric)
* Screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead)
* C-clamp or brake spring compressor tool (essential for drum brakes)
* Wire brush
* Brake cleaner
* New brake shoes, wheel cylinders (if needed), hardware (springs, clips, etc.)
* Grease
* Pliers
* A helper can be useful
Steps:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the front wheels. Jack up the rear of the Blazer and securely support it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
3. Inspect the Brake Drum: Clean off any loose dirt and debris from the drum. You might need to use a hammer and punch to gently tap the drum to loosen it from the backing plate if it's stuck. Sometimes you can carefully pry it off with a screwdriver, but be cautious not to damage the drum or backing plate.
4. Remove the Drum: Once the drum is loose, pull it off the wheel studs. You may need to gently tap it with a rubber mallet.
5. Brake Shoe Adjustment: You'll now see the brake shoes, springs, and wheel cylinder. This is where the spring compressor tool is crucial. Use extreme caution; the springs are under considerable tension.
6. Compress the Springs: Use the spring compressor to compress the return springs, allowing you to remove the brake shoes. The exact method for compressing the springs and removing the shoes will vary depending on your specific brake setup. Refer to a repair manual for diagrams.
7. Inspect Components: Carefully inspect the brake shoes for wear and tear. Replace them if they are worn beyond the minimum thickness specified in your repair manual or show significant glazing or damage. Inspect the wheel cylinder for leaks or damage. If it leaks or is damaged, replace it.
8. Clean the Brake Drum and Shoes: Thoroughly clean the drum and shoes with a wire brush and brake cleaner. Ensure everything is free of rust and debris.
9. Install New Brake Shoes: Reverse the removal process to install the new brake shoes. Make sure all the springs and hardware are properly installed and secured. Again, your repair manual will be essential for this step. The spring compressor is critical to safely install the springs.
10. Install the Wheel Cylinder (If Replaced): If you replaced the wheel cylinder, make sure it's properly seated and bled (see below).
11. Install the Drum: Carefully slide the brake drum back onto the wheel studs. It should fit snugly.
12. Install the Wheel: Replace the wheel and tighten the lug nuts.
13. Bleed the Brakes (if replacing the wheel cylinder): This is essential to remove air from the brake lines. You'll need a helper for this. Use a brake bleeder wrench and a clear tube to bleed the brakes. Consult a repair manual for the proper bleeding procedure. It usually involves opening the bleeder valve on the caliper while someone presses and holds the brake pedal.
14. Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle to the ground.
15. Test the Brakes: Before driving, test the brakes several times to ensure they are working correctly. If they feel spongy or weak, you likely have air in the lines and need to re-bleed them.
Important Considerations:
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1994 Chevy S-10 Blazer is invaluable. It will provide detailed diagrams and instructions.
* Safety: Always prioritize safety. Use jack stands, chock the wheels, and be cautious when working with compressed springs.
* Parts: Purchase high-quality brake parts from a reputable supplier.
* Bleeding: Properly bleeding the brakes is crucial for effective braking.
This is a general guide. Variations exist depending on the specific configuration of your S-10 Blazer's rear brakes. Always refer to your repair manual for detailed, vehicle-specific instructions. If you are uncomfortable performing this repair, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic.
