1. Fuel issues:
- Fuel starvation: This occurs when the engine doesn't receive enough fuel. It can be caused by a fuel pump failure, a clogged fuel filter, a blocked fuel line, or a faulty fuel injector.
- Poor fuel quality: If the fuel contains water or other contaminants, it can cause engine problems and stalling.
2. Ignition issues:
- Spark plug failure: Faulty spark plugs can't produce a spark, which prevents the engine from combusting fuel.
- Ignition coil failure: The ignition coil provides the spark plugs with the necessary voltage to create a spark. If the coil fails, no spark will be produced, leading to stalling.
- Distributor cap or rotor failure: If the distributor cap or rotor (in older vehicles with distributor ignition systems) malfunctions, it can interfere with the proper distribution of electrical current to the spark plugs, resulting in stalling.
3. Air intake issues:
- Blocked air filter: A blocked air filter can restrict airflow, causing fuel mixture imbalances and ultimately stalling the engine.
- Idle air control valve (IAC) malfunction: The IAC valve regulates the amount of air entering the engine at idle. A faulty IAC valve can cause stalling by allowing too much or too little air into the engine.
4. Electrical issues:
- Battery failure: A weak or dead battery can impact the electrical system, resulting in stalling.
- Alternator failure: The alternator recharges the battery while the engine is running. If the alternator fails, the battery won't be able to supply enough power, causing electrical components to malfunction and the engine to stall.
5. Sensor issues:
- Faulty oxygen sensor: The oxygen sensor monitors the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases to optimize fuel-air mixture ratios. A faulty sensor can provide incorrect readings, affecting engine performance and leading to stalling.
- Mass airflow sensor (MAF) failure: The MAF sensor measures the air entering the engine. If it malfunctions, it can send incorrect air flow readings, again affecting the fuel-air mixture ratios and potential leading to stalling.
